New phenomena in the space experiment on creating an artificial solar eclipse while the spaceships “APOLLO”-”SOYUZ” joint flight

Aeronautical and Space-Rocket Engineering

Thermal engines, electric propulsion and power plants for flying vehicles


Аuthors

Mil’kovskii A. G.1, Atamasov V. D.1, Kolbasin I. V.1*, Ustinov A. N.2**, Kalinina A. M.3

1. Design Bureau “Arsenal” named after M.V. Frunze, 1-3, Komsomola str., Saint Petersburg, 195009, Russia
2. Machine-Building plant “Arsenal”, 1-3, Komsomola str., Saint Petersburg, 195009, Russia
3. Baltic State Technical University “VOENMEH ” named after D.F. Ustinov, 1, 1st Krasnoarmeyskaya str., Saint Petersburg, 190005, Russia

*e-mail: kolbasin777ivan@mail.ru
**e-mail: Ustinov@mzarsenal.com

Abstract

The presence of gas-and-dust plasma atmosphere is discovered in every spacecraft, which is confirmed by many domestic and foreign researchers. Due to the medium mixing under the impact of parameters gradients, the radionuclides of plasma atmosphere formed with the intensive impact of gamma and neutron radiation of the reactor would migrate to the outboard space area, surrounding protected part of the spacecraft structure and instrument bay with electronic equipment. These elements would be exposed to radiation due to the induced radiation. In this case, the deterioration of the spacecraft radiation protection against the onboard reactor occurs, which would lead to fluences excess of radiation fluxes on the instrument bay and sensitive structural elements relative to the acceptable levels. Formation of the flows of the eigen external atmosphere (EEA) substance irradiated by the reactor from the operating reactor into the area of the instrument bay and back is stipulated by the presence of parameters gradient of the EEA substance between the specified areas. These parameters are the volume plasma potential and, correspondingly, concentration of charges, pressure and temperature of the gas-and- dust plasma medium. This plasma migration got physical substantiations, published in many scientific works on nuclear physics, performed under I.V. Kurchatov guidance, which attaches authenticity and meaningfulness to the outlined concept, as well as determines the necessity to developing measures for the spacecraft extra radiation protection.

In 1975, an international experiment was conducted in the outer space under the “EPAS” program, during which the artificial Eclipse of the Sun and the solar corona was photographed during the Apollo and Soyuz spaceships joint flight. The spacecraft EEA was repeatedly registered while this experiment. We employed the said photos to analyze the properties of the spacecraft outboard atmosphere. It allowed comprehending the similar processes in the atmosphere of the spacecraft with nuclear reactor.

The physical phenomenon of the “identic luminosity” was recorded by the experimental method in conditions of the space flight under the EPAS program. This phenomenon is a confirmation of the induced radiation phenomenon from the EEA area being under the direct impact of the radiation source due to the various processes of the radiant energy transfer between the particles of the atmospheric environment, varying in weight, shape, chemical content etc., to the shadowed area, protected from direct radiation of the nuclear source, into the atmosphere area. The “identic luminosity” of atmospheric matter can only be explained by the fact that the energy losses while the radiation migration between the described areas are minute. This phenomenon is reliably rendered on all published EEA photos employing high-sensitivity photo film. Such film employing was predetermined by the weak luminosities of the phenomena studied in the experiment such as solar corona and the spacecraft Apollo EEA. They are approximately millions of times smaller weaker than the Sun radiation. Thus, they are being detected only during its full eclipse. This was artificially created in the “Apollo”-“Soyuz” spaceships joint flight (EPAS).

It is necessary to add justification for the necessity for measures to clean the spacecraft outboard space from the EEA caused not by the induced radiation phenomenon only, but also by other non-traditional processes that lead to disturbances in the spacecraft onboard systems functioning.

Keywords:

space experiment, eigen external atmosphere, induced radioactivity

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