Studying aircraft organic glass damages under conditions of high-speed raindrops shock

Aeronautical and Space-Rocket Engineering


DOI: 10.34759/vst-2022-3-65-76

Аuthors

Sha M. 1*, Sun Y. 2**

1. Northwestern Polytechnical University, 710072, 127, West Youyi Road, Beilin District, Xi'an Shaanxi, P.R.China
2. Hangzhou Xiaoshan Technician College, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Hangzhou City, 311200, People’s Republic of China

*e-mail: shamg2020@nwpu.edu.cn
**e-mail: 544974488qq.com

Abstract

When an aircraft fly through a rain zone at high speed, the windshield and the advancing parts of other components, as well as the coating of the aircraft skin are being easily destroyed due to raindrop-shock erosion. In the studies of the aircraft damages from the raindrop-shock erosion, which is the most common at the subsonic speed, due to the low speed, the value of pressure generated by one impact is assumed negligible. Thus, hundreds or thousands of successive impacts are often required over a time period to cause damage to the surface of materials or structures. In this case, all researchers are paying attention to the mechanism of damage from the fatigue loading. Although the probability of raindrop shock of a supersonic speed occurring is low, its peak water hammer pressure impulse (up to the GPa level) far exceeds the strength of many materials, and one or more impacts are enough to damage the material or structure. At this time, much greater attention is being paid to the mechanism of the damage from shock loading.

Due to the advantages of the small size, ease of operation, and controlled test conditions, the single-jet generator is most widely used in the studies on the mechanism of damage to materials and the interaction of raindrop-shock erosion. The presented work considers a single-jet impact platform, based on a gas gun, which is capable of stable water jets generating with the speeds of 90-700 m/s and arc-like front section diameters of 4-7 mm. Then the test on the jet shock upon the oriented and non-oriented aviation organic glasses (Polymethyl methacrylate – PMMA) for are being conducted at various speeds. According to the experience, the optimal position of the organic glass sample setting while the raindrop-shock erosion testing is 10 mm from the nozzle.

The results indicate that at the high-speed jet shock impact damages in the form of surface stratification manifest themselves with the oriented organic glass, while with the non-oriented organic glass these damages are the surface ones. With constant impact velocity increasing, the surface stratification appeared on both organic glass samples, and stratification of the oriented organic glass at that was more serious. Observing the stress wave propagation and damage expanding inside the sample revealed that the shear waves prevailed in the subsurface stratification of the oriented organic glass.

Keywords:

organic glass, liquid-solid impact, water jet, raindrops shock damage, erosion

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