Manufacturing Technology Development of a Smart Structure Active Part from Polymer Composite Materials

Mechanical Engineering and Machine Science


Аuthors

Pisarev P. V.*, Bayandin S. R.**

Perm National Research Polytechnic University, PNRPU, 29, Komsomolsky Prospekt, Perm, 614990, Russia

*e-mail: pisarev85@live.ru
**e-mail: srbajandin@pstu.ru

Abstract

New products development of aerospace engineering is one of the prospective trends for the smart structures design. Smart structures represent specially engineered systems designed with account for the external signal (impact) detecting, processing and functional response generating. They incorporate as well feedback mechanisms, self-diagnosis, self-recovery capabilities (in cases of reversibility), and geometric parameter control. Composite materials (CM) are the best choice for the smart structures creating, as long as corresponding sensors and active elements may be seamlessly integrated into their structure while fabrication. Embedding these components into the CMs during the smart structures forming enables real-time monitoring of internal conditions and on-demand adjustments for both shape and stiffness changing.
Numerical study of the piezo actuator placement impact in the structure of the active part of the structurally similar element (SSE) of the smart structure from composite polymer materials (CPM) on the static strength was performed within the framework of the presented work. Based on the obtained results, diagrams of normal and shear stresses have been plotted. It has been found that with the MFC embedding between the composite material layers, stress concentrations arose at the boundaries of the piezo actuator, which lead to a the PCM strength reduction. Rational piezoelectric actuators placement, at which the required strength and torsion angle of the smart structure were achieved, has been determined.
The technology for the SSE smart structure active part manufacturing by the autoclave molding method has been developed and tried-out. The SSE smart structure active part was manufactured by the developed technology with application of the aviation-grade carbon prepregs with uniform strength. Non-destructive testing of the active part from the PCM was performed to detect defects presence.
Laboratory tests of the SSE smart structure mechanical behavior were conducted, and the torsion angle controllability assessment of the SSE smart structure active part was performed. The smart SSE structure design effectiveness, ensuring the torsion level of at least 1° in magnitude, has been confirmed by the experimental results.
At the next stages of the study, tests are planned to be conducted in an echo-free chamber with an aerodynamic flow.

Keywords:

smart structures from polymer composite materials, piezoelectric thermal analogy, layered structure mechanical behavior numerical modeling, geometry controlled structure, autoclave molding

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