The usage of nonwoven carbon materials in high-temperature heat exchanges of C-SIC structure

Аuthors

Bykov L. V.^1*, Bogachev E. A.², Elakov A. B.^2**, Beloglasov A. P.^3***

1. Moscow Aviation Institute (National Research University), 4, Volokolamskoe shosse, Moscow, А-80, GSP-3, 125993, Russia
2. Company «Composite», 4, Pioneerskaya str., Korolev, Moscow region, 141070, Russia
3. Company «Niagara», 6/2, Donskay str., Moscow, 119049, Russia

*e-mail: bykovlv@mai.ru
**e-mail: elakov@kompozit-mv.ru
***e-mail: niagara-mos@inbox.ru

Abstract

The existing air heat exchangers made of aluminum or stainless steel, do not allow to implement highly available power of aircraft without losing mass perfection. Thats why the leading aircraft manufacturers conduct intensive researches aimed at creating high heat exchangers made of nonmetallic materials. Composite materials can be regarded as the most attractive for the manufacture of structural elements such heat exchangers. The replacement of metals by high temperature oxidation resistant and erosion resistant composite materials, which have significantly higher levels of specific strength (relation of strength to specific gravity ) at temperatures of 700-900oC and above, will dramatically improve the mass-energy characteristics and increase the competitiveness of the new generation of products. At the same time, composite materials with the reinforcing framework made of thin nonwoven carbon materials or of silicon carbide ones produced by using of a special hydrodynamic machining (Spunlace-method) are more promising than materials derived from the tissue.
The paper presents the analysis of existing technologies of producing high-temperature heat exchangers. The technology of heat exchangers elements production from oxidation resistant composite when each element has a strength reinforcing frame, and frame filling matrix has oxidation resistant properties, seems to be the most reasonable one.
The analysis of existing basic materials and the limits of their applicability for the manufacture of high heat exchangers is fulfilled.
The paper presents the technology for producing a composite material with a silicon carbide matrix on the basis of nonwoven carbon materials for corrugation, separating plates and clamps of high temperature heat exchanger.
The results of corrugations elements saturation with oxidation resistant matrix based on silicon carbide are presented.
The results of X-ray and microstructural analysis of thin-walled composite samples by electron scanning microscopy are shown.
The parameters of corrugations and separator plates saturation process with matrix based on silicon carbide are defined. These parameters provide the volume saturation of the heat exchanger structural elements within 43-46 % of weight.
The results of practicing combining the elements of high-temperature heat exchanger into solid cartridge using high-temperature adhesive and the following assembly compaction with silicon carbide from the gas phase of ecological organometallic reagent — methylsilane CH3SiH3 are presented.

Keywords:

composite materials, the heat exchanger, silicon carbide, carbon materials, gas phase saturation

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