Comparative analysis of the unidirectional action mechanisms designed for electromechanical actuators

Аuthors

Kraskovsky N. V.^*, Samsonovich S. L.^**, Tchubikov V. N.^***

Moscow Aviation Institute (National Research University), 4, Volokolamskoe shosse, Moscow, А-80, GSP-3, 125993, Russia

*e-mail: nikolayxx@gmail.com
**e-mail: samsonovich40@mail.ru
***e-mail: Valnikchu@gmail.com

Abstract

A comparative analysis of the unidirectional action mechanisms, which include the irreversible motion clutch, self-braking electromagnetic clutch and transmission, is carried out. The purpose of the analysis is creation of an electromechanical drive of unidirectional action, which has the reduced power consumption, compact design, lower weight and improved dynamic power characteristics, for its use in control systems of aircraft of the new generation, rotation of power plants, jet rudders, flaps of water and oil regulators, and etc.

According to the presented theoretical research the following conclusionscan be made:

1. Currently, the unidirectional action mechanisms, which include the irreversible motion clutch, self-braking electromagnetic clutch and mechanical transmission, are very promising for the designers of electromechanical actuators for the new generation aircraft

2. The classification of the unidirectional action mechanisms depending on the relative position of the motor axes and the output link is presented; recommendations for their best layout are given.

3. As a comparative analysis of such class mechanisms in the technical literature is absent there was carried out a comparative analysis of the mechanisms of unidirectional action by mass, size, power consumption and dynamic characteristics.

4. It was found, that the mass of the cylindrical gear with braking profile is commensurate with the weight of worm and spiroidgears with load torque up to 50 Nm, then the mass begins to rapidly increase. In these mechanisms with more mass the load torque is more, that is why to put such mechanisms in multi-stage gear closer to the motor is advisable.

5. When the load torque is up to 15Hm all mechanisms have the same moment of inertia. With the load from 20Nm and higher the inertia moment of irreversible movement clutch significantly increases, and, besides, the inertia moments of the electromagnetic clutch, spiroid and worm gear is practically constant. With the load of 60 Nmthe inertia momentof braking profilecylindrical gear transmission is significantly increased. For highly dynamical air drive it is advisable to use the electromagnetic clutch with smallest moment of inertia.

6. To reduce the weight and size parameters the unidirectional action mechanisms should be placed between the motor and the first gear stage, or directly in this stage.

7. The greatest efficiency will have an one-way mechanisms of action, inwhich, depending on the functional tasks, the gearbox and clutch or irreversible motion, or electromagnetic friction clutch, are combined.

Keywords:

electromechanical drive mechanisms of unidirectional action, self-locking mechanisms, self-locking mechanisms, irreversible transfer, weight and size parameters, dynamic and energetic characteristics of the gear

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