Development and study of magnetic induction systems for micrometeorites' and cosmic particles' acceleration

Аuthors

Sukhachev K. I.^*, Dorofeev A. S.^**

Samara National Research University named after Academician S.P. Korolev, 34, Moskovskoye shosse, Samara, 443086, Russia

*e-mail: kir.sukhachev@gmail.com
**e-mail: alexandrdorofeev.ikp@yandex.ru

Abstract

This work is dedicated to development of experimental test-bench based on magnetic induction rail system. The test-bench allows the ground testing of spacecraft materials and equipment on resistance to micro particles of natural and artificial origin impacts. It will solve the problems related to the costly and inefficient space experiments, and will significantly increase the repeatability, controllability and frequency of impact experiments. In the long-run this accelerator will be an essential part for developing effective protection of the spacecraft from the meteorite hazard, non-existent at the moment.

To solve the problem of low efficiency while converting electrical energy into kinetic energy, which is of great importance for acceleration of small bodies, weighing less than 0.1 g, the authors propose an experimental technique, allowing increasing the efficiency, and, thus, the impactor's maximum speed without increasing the stored energy in storage facilities. The unique feature of the proposed technique consists in increasing the accelerating force acting on the object from external magnetic systems. The authors propose to create a localized external magnetic field directly in the surrounding area of accelerated particles, and then move the magnetization area synchronously with the movement of the accelerated object over the path of the accelerator. This effect is achieved by using multiple-magnetic systems with independent switches and drives, and a single control system. To determine the switching time parameters and parameters of the railguns magnetic systems, the technique of the railgun computation, operating in combination with the multi-loop magnetizing system has been developed.

To test the proposed approach a prototype accelerator was designed and developed. The series of experiments confirming the effectiveness of the proposed method was carried out. Experiments were carried out with particles of various masses, a variety of energy storage levels, as well as for several options for magnetizing systems. The upgraded magnetizing system was 23% more efficient than the classic one, with the same energy storage. The developed accelerator allowed obtain the speed of more than 2100 m/s with a total energy of 11.6 kJ stored in the capacitor bank was reached.

The authors plan to apply the proposed methodology to the main circuit. According to the simulation results, the main circuit multi-step power supply will also contribute to the efficiency increase of rail accelerators.

Keywords:

rail electromagnetic accelerator, railgun, micrometeorites, external magnetic field, impact experiment

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