Automated engineering aircraft electric generator with permanent magnet excitation

Аuthors

Misyutin R. Y.^1*, Levin A. V.², Zhuravlev S. V.^1**, Zechikhin B. S.¹

1. Moscow Aviation Institute (National Research University), 4, Volokolamskoe shosse, Moscow, А-80, GSP-3, 125993, Russia
2. AKB «Yakor», 29, str. Ibragimova, Moscow, 105318, Russia

*e-mail: injener-mai@mail.ru
**e-mail: zhuravlev_sv@rambler.ru

Abstract

In connection with increase of the electric-power systems capacity of the modern aircrafts the output power of aviation generators reaches several hundreds of kW. Their weight and size are considerably increased. In the article new effective constructive schemes of powerful electrical machines are considered. The analysis and modeling of powerful generators are more complicated. In this respect design automation based on modern computer technology has an important meaning. It provides better quality and reduces the design time through using of more exact computer models and numerical experiments.
The algorithm of the design automation generators with permanent magnets is discussed. The algorithm is based on electromagnetic calculation of the synchronous generator active zone with taking into account of functional limit on mechanical strength and heating. The algorithm includes choosing generator geometry, electromagnetic loads and cooling system, structure of rotor permanent magnets (radial or tangential) and way of fixing of the magnets. The algorithm includes active zone dimensions based on preliminary electromagnetic simulation with taking into account mechanical strength and heating limit based on circuit theory. The calculations are carried out taking into account mechanical strength, deflection, rotor critical speed considering magnetic attraction force and heating of constructional details. Choice of electromagnetic loads and analysis of the stator active zone are based on experience of the design of traditional aviation generators. The rational type of rotor magnetic system and way of fixing magnets, providing the essential mechanical strength is determined on the basis of comparative computation according to the criterion of the generator minimum weight. Based on finite-element method the results of the generator preliminary computation are refined and the research of the sleeve mechanical strength and other parts of magnets fixing, deflection and critical speed, heating of generator certain parts are made and generator dimensions are specified. Algorithm and programs of finite-element modeling are based on the program complexes and materials database and typical constructional details of aviation generators with permanent magnets and they are part of the permanent magnets generators automation system design. The results of finite-element modeling of the rotors critical speeds, the calculations of strength characteristics of various types of sleeves and design, the estimation of the increase of the rotor and stator magnetic attraction force due to the presence of eccentricity, and other electromagnetic, mechanical and heat calculations are presented in the article. It is shown that computer technologies based on the proposed algorithm allow to create the basis of the design automation method of aviation generators with permanent magnets.

Keywords:

aircraft electric generator, permanent magnets, finite elements method, critical speed, magnetic force, sleeve, bearings

References

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